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#' @md |
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#' @title June 2019 U.S. Democratic Debate Candidate/Topic Times |
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#' @description The New York Times and other media outlets kept track of the time each |
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#' candidate spent talking including the timestamp of the start of the blathering |
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#' and the topic up for debate. This dataset only includes candidates and |
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#' topic times. The complete datasets (See References) also include moderator |
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#' metadata and opening/closing statement records. |
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#' @format data frame with columns: `elapsed` (dbl), `timestamp` (drtn), `speaker` (chr), `topic` (chr) |
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#' @docType data |
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#' @keywords datasets |
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#' @name debates2019 |
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#' @references <https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/admin/100000006581096.embedded.html> |
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#' @references <https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/admin/100000006584572.embedded.html> |
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#' @usage data("debates2019") |
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NULL |
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`%l0%` <- function(x, y) if (length(x) == 0) y else x |
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`%||%` <- function(x, y) if (is.null(x)) y else x |
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`%@%` <- function(x, name) attr(x, name, exact = TRUE) |
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`%nin%` <- function(x, table) match(x, table, nomatch = 0) == 0 |
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## code to prepare `debates2019` dataset goes here |
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|
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read_csv( |
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file = "https://rud.is/data/2019-dem-debates.csv.gz", |
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col_types = cols( |
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elapsed = col_double(), |
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timestamp = col_time(format = ""), |
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speaker = col_character(), |
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topic = col_character() |
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) |
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) -> debates2019 |
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usethis::use_data(debates2019, overwrite = TRUE) |
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% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand |
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% Please edit documentation in R/datasets.R |
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\docType{data} |
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\name{debates2019} |
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\alias{debates2019} |
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\title{June 2019 U.S. Democratic Debate Candidate/Topic Times} |
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\format{data frame with columns: \code{elapsed} (dbl), \code{timestamp} (drtn), \code{speaker} (chr), \code{topic} (chr)} |
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\usage{ |
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data("debates2019") |
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} |
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\description{ |
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The New York Times and other media outlets kept track of the time each |
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candidate spent talking including the timestamp of the start of the blathering |
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and the topic up for debate. This dataset only includes candidates and |
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topic times. The complete datasets (See References) also include moderator |
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metadata and opening/closing statement records. |
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} |
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\references{ |
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\url{https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/admin/100000006581096.embedded.html} |
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|
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\url{https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/admin/100000006584572.embedded.html} |
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} |
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\keyword{datasets} |
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*.html |
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*.R |
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--- |
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title: "Using {ggchicklet}" |
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output: |
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rmarkdown::html_vignette: |
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df_print: kable |
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vignette: > |
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%\VignetteIndexEntry{Using {ggchicklet}} |
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%\VignetteEncoding{UTF-8} |
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%\VignetteEngine{knitr::rmarkdown} |
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editor_options: |
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chunk_output_type: console |
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--- |
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|
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```{r, include = FALSE} |
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knitr::opts_chunk$set( |
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message = FALSE, |
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warning = FALSE, |
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collapse = TRUE, |
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comment = "## " |
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) |
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``` |
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|
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The New York Times reporters [kept track of the candiate speaking time spent per-topic](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/admin/100000006581096.embedded.html) for the June 2019 initial U.S. Democratic debates. They used a segmented, rounded-corner bar chart --- ordered by timestamp --- that I've dubbed a "chicklet" chart since they look like the fairly well-known gum/candy. This is the image from one of them: |
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 |
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The rounded corners aesthetic looked great and said feature begat the creation of {ggchicklet}. |
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Let's load up the packages we'll need: |
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```{r setup} |
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library(hrbrthemes) # my preferred theme |
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library(ggchicklet) # this pacakge! |
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library(dplyr) # we need to do a bit of data wrangling |
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library(forcats) # so we include {dplyr} and {forcats} |
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library(ggplot2) # duh! |
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``` |
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If you peek at the source code for the New York Times javascript-created charts you'll see |
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that all the data is right there. Rather than make you figure out how to wrangle it, a majority |
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subset has been included in the package and can be accessed via: |
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```{r data} |
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data("debates2019") |
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head(debates2019, 10) |
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``` |
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The `elapsed` column contains how long the candidate spoke and `timestamp` is the time they started speaking. We'll use both to control the look and feel of the {ggchicklet} chart. |
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There are also candidates: |
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```{r data-ex-01} |
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distinct(debates2019, speaker) %>% |
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arrange(speaker) %>% |
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print(n=nrow(.)) |
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``` |
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and the topics debates: |
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```{r data-ex-02} |
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distinct(debates2019, topic) %>% |
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arrange(topic) %>% |
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print(n=nrow(.)) |
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``` |
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First, we'll use `forcats::fct_reorder()` to reorder the `speaker`s by total speaking time to |
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make it easier to compare the differences in total time spoken between candidate. |
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Then, we'll use `forcats::fct_other()` to limit the number of `topic`s to only those highlighted |
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by the New York Times (and to show how to do that). |
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We need to use `group = timestamp` to ensure the segments are ordered by time (vs category/topic) |
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and `fill = topic` to color them appropriately. Note that just using `fill = topic` would group |
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the segments by topic. |
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```{r chicklet, fig.width=600/72, fig.height=600/72} |
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debates2019 %>% |
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mutate(speaker = fct_reorder(speaker, elapsed, sum, .desc=FALSE)) %>% |
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mutate(topic = fct_other( |
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topic, |
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c("Immigration", "Economy", "Climate Change", "Gun Control", "Healthcare", "Foreign Policy")) |
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) %>% |
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ggplot(aes(speaker, elapsed, group = timestamp, fill = topic)) + |
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geom_chicklet(width = 0.75) + |
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scale_y_continuous( |
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expand = c(0, 0.0625), |
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position = "right", |
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breaks = seq(0, 14, 2), |
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labels = c(0, sprintf("%d min.", seq(2, 14, 2))) |
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) + |
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scale_fill_manual( |
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name = NULL, |
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values = c( # NYTimes colors |
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"Immigration" = "#ae4544", |
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"Economy" = "#d8cb98", |
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"Climate Change" = "#a4ad6f", |
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"Gun Control" = "#cc7c3a", |
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"Healthcare" = "#436f82", |
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"Foreign Policy" = "#7c5981", |
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"Other" = "#cccccc" |
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), |
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breaks = setdiff(unique(debates2019$topic), "Other") |
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) + |
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guides( |
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fill = guide_legend(nrow = 1) |
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) + |
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coord_flip() + |
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labs( |
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x = NULL, y = NULL, fill = NULL, |
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title = "How Long Each Candidate Spoke", |
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subtitle = "Nights 1 & 2 of the June 2019 Democratic Debates", |
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caption = "Each bar segment represents the length of a candidate’s response to a question.\n\nOriginals <https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/admin/100000006581096.embedded.html?>\n<https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/admin/100000006584572.embedded.html?>\nby @nytimes Weiyi Cai, Jason Kao, Jasmine C. Lee, Alicia Parlapiano and Jugal K. Patel\n\n#rstats reproduction by @hrbrmstr" |
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) + |
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theme_ipsum_rc(grid="X") + |
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theme(axis.text.x = element_text(color = "gray60", size = 10)) + |
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theme(legend.position = "top") |
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``` |
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You can use `ggplot2::geom_col()` to create a similar chart without the rounded rectangles but `geom_chicklet()` sets some useful defaults: |
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- "`white`" stroke for the chicklet/segment (`geom_col()` has `NA` for the stroke) |
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- automatic reversing of the `group` order (`geom_col()` uses the standard sort order) |
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- radius setting of `unit(3, "px")` |
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- chicklet legend geom |
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You will need to modify `colour`/`color` to use something besides "`white`" if you are using |
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a non-white background and do not want a white stroke. Larger width chicklet segments may |
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look better with a larger radius. |
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Note also that the `group`ing column does not need to be a time-like object; any type of |
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ordered column will work to set the display order. |
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